Physiology MCQ of Body Fluids

Physiology MCQ of Body Fluids

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Comparedto the intracellular fluid, the extracellular fluid has a high

concentration of:

a)Protein

b)Phosphate

c)Calcium

d)Magnesium

e)Potassium

 

Oedemais due to low colloid osmotic pressure of plasma and is caused by:

a)HeartFailure

b)ArteriolarDilation

c)LiverDisease

d)VenousObstruction

e)Inflammation

 

Drinkingone liter of pure water is expected to:

a)Inducea greater increase in volume of ECF than ICF

b)Inducea greater decrease in osmolarity of ECF than ICF

c)Inducean increase in urine flow

d)Inducea greater increase in volume of plasma than interstitial fluid

e)Inducea greater deacrease in osmolarity of plasma than interstitial fluid

 

TheInterstitial Fluid:

a)Canbe measured using insulin

b)Islower in volume than plasma

c)Hasa higher sodium concentration than plasma

d)Hasthe same protein concentration as plasma

e)Hasslightly a higher concentration of chloride than plasma

 

Theosmolarity of extracellular fluid is likely to increase by:

a)Passinghypertonic urine

b)Infusinghalf isotonic NaCl solution

c)Infusing5% glucose solution

d)Evaporatingwater from mucus membrane of respiratory system

e)Vomittinga hypertonic gastric juice

 

Intravenousinfusion of 1 liter of which of the following solutions will lead to

the largest increase in ECF volume?

a)Distilledwater

b)IsotonicNaCl

c)HypotonicNaCl

d)HypertonicNaCl

e)Isotonicurea

 

Theintracellular osmolarity is mainly due to:

a)Chloride

b)Proteins

c)Potassium

d)ATP

e)Magnesium

 

Thechief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid is that plasma

contains more:

a)Na+

b)K+

c)Electrolytes

d)Water

e)Proteinions

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BodyWater:

a)Ismostly found in the interstitial compartment

b)Isheavy water

c)Movesbetween compartments by solvent drags

d)Isthe major constituent of the body

e)Isnot lost during expiration in cold weather

 

Osmolalityof the extracellular fluid:

a)Is160-300 msom/L

b)Isnot affected by glucose concentration

c)Ismore than the osmolality of the intracellular fluid

d)Ismainly due to Na+ salts

e)Isgreatly increased by hyperkalaemia

 

Thefollowing are major constituents of the intracellular fluid except:

a)Ca2+

b)Phosphates

c)Chloride

d)K+

e)Proteins

 

Movementof fluids from the interstitial space to plasma is due to:

a)Bloodpressure in the capillaries

b)PlasmaNa+ concentration

c)PlasmaK+ concentration

d)Plasmaprotein concentration

e)PlasmapH

 

Thesubstance that contributes most of the intracellular osmolarity is:

a)Protein

b)Phosphate

c)Potassium

d)Urea

e)Chloride

 

Whichof the following combinations of substances is suitable for calculation

of the interstitial fluid volume:

a)Aradioactive sodium & heavy water

b)Heavywater & Inulin

c)Inulin& Evan’s blue dye

d)Heavywater & Evan’s blue dye

e)Evan’sblue dye & Iodine labeled albumin

 

Theconcentraton of Ca2+ in the ECF is

a)5mg/dL

b)5mmol/L

c)5meq/L

d)5meq/L

e)5ug/dL

 

Theextracellular fluid differs from the intracellular fluid in that it has:

a)Ahigher osmolarity

b)Noprotein

c)Alower calcium concentration

d)Ahigher chloride concentration

e)Ahigher magnesium concentration

 

PlasmaOsmolarity is:

a)Determinedprimarily by protein concentration

b)Determinedprimarily by potassium concentration

c)Determinedprimarily by sodium concentration

d)Normallyhigher than that of interstitial fluid osmolarity

e)About250 mosm/L

 

Infusionof 1 Liter of which of the following solutions will have the greatest

suppressive effect on thirst sensation:

a)Distilledwater

b)IsotonicNaCl

c)HypotonicNaCl

d)HypertonicNaCl

e)Tonicurea

 

Whichof the following favors the development of oedema?

a)Anincrease in colloid osmotic pressure of plasma

b)Adecrease in capillary hydrostatic pressure

c)Adecrease in interstitial fluid colloid pressure

d)Anincrease in venous pressure

e)Anincrease in arterial blood pressure

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Allof the following substances may be used to measure ECF except:

a)Sucrose

b)Inulin

c)Radioactivesodium

d)Evan’sblue dye

e)Thiosulfate

 

Theprimary force moving water from the plasma to the interstitial space is:

a)Co-transportwith sodium

b)Co-transportwith H+

c)Facilitateddiffusion

d)Filteration

e)Activetransport

 

Themain difference between plasma and interstitial fluid is the

concentration of:

a)K+

b)Cl-

c)Mg-

d)Proteins

e)Phosphates

 

Withobstruction of all lymphatics from an extremity:

a)Thehydrostatic force favoring filteration is increased

b)Limitedema formation

c)Themain cause of edema decreases plasma oncotic pressure

d)Interstitialhydrostatic pressure is markedly increased

e)Interstitialcolloid osmotic pressure is decreased

 

Inthe absence of a hydrostatic pressure gradient, movement of water across

a cell plasmalemmal membrane can occur only:

a)Upits chemical concentration gradient

b)Byprimary active transport

c)Bysecondary active transport

d)Downits chemical concentration gradient

e)Throughthe lipid matrix of the plasmalemmal membrane

 

Intravenousinfusion of 1 liter of which of the following solutions will lead to

the largest increase in ECF volume?

a)Distilledwater

b)IsotonicNaCl

c)HypotonicNaCl

d)HypertonicNaCl

e)Tonicurea

 

Theratio of body water to body weight is highest among:

a)Averageadult males

b)Obeseadult males

c)Females

d)Newbornchildren

e)Pregnantwomen

 

Theosmolarity of plasma is determined by the concentrations of:

a)Glucose,protein and urea nitrogen

b)Glucose,sodium and urea nitrogen

c)Sodium,calcium and protein

d)Sodiumand bicarbonate

e)Potassiumand sodium

 

Lowconcentration of proteins in the plasma is expected to lead to:

a)Reducedtotal body water

b)Increasedcardiac output

c)Increasedlymph flow

d)Shiftof fluid from the interstitium to plasma

e)Decreasedinterstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

 

Apatient is given a small dose of radioactive sodium, most of this sodium will

distribute in:

a)Plasma

b)Interstitialfluid

c)Intracellularfluid

d)Jointfluids

e)Adipocytes

 

Whatwould be the osmolarity of a solution which is one mole glucose and

one mole NaCl:

a)1

b)2

c)3

d)4

e)5

 

Thevolume of distribution of substance X in an average adult male is found

to be 3.5 liters. This substance could be:

a)Inulin

b)Radioactivesodium

c)Tightlybound to plasma proteins

d)Heavywater

e)Sucrose

 

Thecolloid osmotic pressure of plasma is mostly due to:

a)Globulins

b)Fibrinogen

c)Albumin

d)Lipoproteins

e)Sodium

 

Thesolution that is expected to induce the greatest increase in plasma volume

is:

a)Normalsaline

b)Hypotonicsaline

c)Albuminsolution

d)5%glucose

e)Purewater

 

Thevolume of distribution of which of the following substances is lower than

the extracellular fluid volume:

a)Sucrose

b)Inulin

c)Evan’sblue dye

d)Heavywater

e)Radioactivesodium

 

Theconcentraton of Ca2+ in the ECF is

a)20mg/dL

b)5meq/L

c)5mmol/L

d)5meq/L

e)10ug/dL

 

Secondaryactive transport and facilitated diffusion are similar in that they:

a)Useenergy

b)Usecarriers

c)Tendto restore equilibrium

d)Transportwater

e)Usechannels

 

Ina normal 70 kg adult male:

a)Totalbody water is approximately 60 liters

b)Abouttwo thirds of total body water is intracellular

c)Mostextracellular water is intravascular

d)Intracellularfluid is about 12 liters

e)Interstitialfluid volume is 5% of total body water

 

Oedemamay result from all the following except:

a)Arteriolarvasoconstriction

b)Venousobstruction

c)Decreasein the oncotic pressure

d)Increasein the interstitial fluid protein concentration

e)Increasein capillary hydrostatic pressure

 

Theosmolarity of plasma:

a)Islower than interstitial fluid osmolarity

b)Ishigher than intracellular fluid osmolarity

c)Isdetermined mainly by plasma proteins

d)Isdetermined mainly by sodium

e)Rangesfrom 300 to 310 mosm/l

 

Whichof the following decreases plasma osmolarity?

a)Forming1 liter of hypertonic urine

b)Secreting1 liter of sweat (150 mosml/liter)

c)Loosing1 liter water in expired air

d)Vomitting1 liter of gastric fluid (300 mosml/liter)

e)Bleeding1 liter of blood

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