Physiology MCQ of Body Temperature
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Thepart of the brain that regulates body temperature is:
a)Pituitary
b)Thalamus
c)Hypothalamus
d)Pons
e)Cerebralcortex
Suddenexposure to a cold environment will cause all the following except:
a)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
b)Contractionof the erector pili muscles
c)Increasearterial blood pressure
d)Cutaneousvasodilation
e)Shivering
Wheneverthe body temperature is lower than the set point the following are
present except:
a)Sweating
b)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
c)Contractionof erector pili muscles
d)Acceleratedmetabolism
e)Shivering
Themetabolic rate is increased by all of the following except:
a)Catabolismof lactate
b)Saturationof myoglobin with O2
c)Saturationof hemoglobin with O2
d)ReplenishingATP stores
e)Replenishingphosphocreatine stores
Featuresof a heat stroke include all the following except:
a)Hypotension
b)Dehydration
c)LowCardiac Output
d)Excessivesweating
e)Confusion
Atan environmental temperature of 37o C most of the heat is lost from the
body by:
a)Radiation
b)Evaporation
c)Conduction
d)Convection
e)Conductionand Convention
Themetabolic rate is increased by all of the following except:
a)Risein body temperature
b)Risein environmental temperature
c)Increasedsympathetic outflow
d)Starvation
e)Hyperfunctionof the thyroid gland
Responsesto cold exposure include:
a)Openingof cutaneous vascular shunts
b)Increasedcardiac output
c)Decreasedcardiac output
d)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
e)Tachycardia
Responsesto heat and cold are:
a)Stimulationof cutaneous thermoreceptors
b)Hypothalamiccenters
c)Integrationof central & cutaneous receptor inputs
d)Monitoringof the core temperature
e)Mainlyregulated by the posterior hypothalamus
Heatexposure may lead to:
a)Heatsyncope due to damage to hypothalamus
b)Heatcramps due to raised core temperature
c)Heatstroke due to excess water loss
d)Heatexhaustion due to excess water & electrolyte loss
e)Dehydrationdue to failure of ADH secretion
Suddenexposure to a cold enviornment would lead to all the following
except:
a)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
b)Decreasedperipheral vascular resistance
c)Contractionof pili-erector muscle
d)Peripheralcyanosis
e)Decreasedskin temperature
Thebody temperature of a patient is 38oC and observed to be rising. The
following is true regarding this patient:
a)Heis unlikely to be sweating
b)Hismetabolic rate will be higher than normal
c)Heis unlikely to be shivering
d)Heis unlikely to have respiratory alkalosis
e)Histemperature set point is 38oC
Athermoregulatory response controlled primarily by sympathetic
cholinergic nerves is:
a)Shivering
b)Cutaneousvasodilation
c)Sweating
d)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
e)Piloerection
Whichof the following is the main customer of energy under basal
conditions?
a)Heartbeat
b)Respiratorymuscle activity
c)Sodium-potassiumpump
d)Skeletalmuscle activity
e)Pancreas
Apatient with a body temperature of 34oC is expected to have:
a)Highmetabolic rate
b)Lowoxygen consumption
c)Tachycardia
d)Highstroke volume
e)Highlung ventilation
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Thebody temperature of a febrile patient is found to be 38oC and it has been
observed that his body temperature is still rising. Regarding this patient, all of
the following are correct except that there will be:
a)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
b)Aset point higher than 38oC
c)Sweating
d)Highmetabolic rate
e)Piloerection
Themost important factor determining the insensible water loss is:
a)Enviornmentaltemperature
b)Humidityof the enviornment
c)Relativehumidity of the enviornment
d)Activityof the sweat glands
e)Respiratoryrate
Stimulationof which of the following is expected to decrease heat loss from
the body:
a)Alpha-adrenergicreceptors
b)B1-adrenergicreceptors
c)B2-adrenergicreceptors
d)Muscariniccholinergic receptors
e)Nicotiniccholinergic receptors
Thebody temperature of a febrile patient is observed to be decreasing. This
subject is expected now to:
a)Besweating
b)Beshivering
c)Havelower than normal metabolic rate
d)Tohave piloerection
e)Bradycardia
Thebasal metabolic rate:
a)Isabout 50 kcal/m2/hour in males
b)Perkg lean body mass is equal in males and females
c)Increaseswith age
d)Islow in febrile patients
e)Isbest measured when the subject is sleeping
Inthe thermal balance equation the following is always positive:
a)Conduction
b)Evaporation
c)Metabolicheat production
d)Radiation
e)Convection
Evaporatingone liter of sweat glands leads to:
a)Increasedosmolarity of the ECF
b)Decreasedosmolarity of plasma
c)Lossof 1000 kcal of heat
d)Decreasesplasma viscosity
e)Noneof the above
Thebasal metabolic rate (per m2 surface area) is expected to be higher in:
a)Obesefemales than lean females
b)Leanmales than obese males
c)Elderlythan young adults
d)Elephantsthan rats
e)Adultsthan children
Thethermoregulatory response that can be blocked by atropine is:
a)Shivering
b)Cutaneousvasodilation
c)Sweating
d)Cutaneousvasoconstriction
e)Piloerection
Apatient with a body temperature of 39oC is expected to have:
a)Alow metabolic rate
b)Lowoxygen consumption
c)Tachycardia
d)Lowstroke volume
e)Hypoventilation
Therespiratory quotient:
a)Forfats is greater than for carbohydrates
b)Ofthe human brain is about 7 at rest
c)Ofskeletal muscle is close to 1 at rest
d)Ofcarbohydrates is 1
e)Isequal to amount of oxygen consumed divided by carbon dioxide
produced
Heatexhaustion differs from heat stroke in that in heat exhaustion there is:
a)Hypotension
b)Tachycardia
c)Moistskin
d)Lowcardiac output
e)Extensivecutaneous vasoconstriction
Allof the following statements about brown fat are true except:
a)Ithas numerous mitochondria and a rich blood supply
b)Itproduces a lot of heat but little ATP
c)Itis important for heat production in adults
d)Itis abundantly innervated by the sympathetic nervous system
e)Itis abundant in the upper part of the body
Shiveringand vasoconstriction best describe which of the following:
a)Hypotension
b)Onsetof fever
c)Sustainedfever
d)Rapidreduction of temperature set point
e)Hyperthyroidism
Whichof the following is not at core body temperature:
a)Thebrain
b)Thehypothalamus
c)Theblood
d)Thetestes
e)Theliver
Thebody temperature of a febrile patient is observed to be gradually
declining. This subject:
a)Unlikelyto be sweating
b)Heatproduction is greater than heat loss
c)Islikely to be shivering
d)Islikely to have cutaneous vasodilation
e)Isexpected to complain of chills
Sweat:
a)Isa filtrate
b)Isusually isotonic to plasma
c)Haslow sodium concentration when flow rate is slow
d)Haslow sodium concentration in un-acclimatized compared to acclimatized
people
e)Evaporationdepends primarily on air temperature
Thebasal metabolic rate:
a)Isabout 40 kcal/m2/hour in an average adult man
b)Ishigher than normal in hypothermic people
c)Ishigher in obese than lean subjects per unit body weight
d)Shouldbe measured when the subject is asleep
e)Shouldbe measured at room temperature of 37oC
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